Dating loess by red thermoluminescence of quartz■

Document Type : Research Article

Author

Institute of Geophysics, University of Tehran, P.O. Box 14155-6466, Tehran, Iran / OUCE, University of Oxford, Mansfield Road, OX1 3TB

Abstract

The loess deposits in central Asia, China, Europe and the USA provide records of past climate, which permits the study of paleoclimatology. Although luminescence dating has had an important role in dating loess, significant challenges still remain.
UV-blue emission from polymineral and feldspar suffer from anomalous fading. UV-blue emission from quartz saturates at c. <500 Gy. Fattahi (2001) reported the ability of red thermoluminescence for dating volcanic quartz to c.1.3 Ma.
This paper investigates the possibility of applying single aliquot regeneration red thermoluminescence (SAR RTL) protocol for dating loess and demonstrating that:
1-  It is possible to detect red thermoluminescence from loess.
2-  Red thermoluminescence from loess is bleachable.
3-  SAR RTL is able to recover a known laboratory dose.
4-  Equivalent doses around 1000 Gy are accessible.
This information suggests that SAR RTL is a powerful protocol for dating loess which can extend the time range of luminescence dating of unburnt Aeolian sediments.

Keywords


Aitken, M. J., 1985, Thermoluminescence Dating: Academic Press, London, 359.
Aitken, M. J., 1990, Science-based Dating in Archaeology: Longman, London, 274.
Berger, G. W., 1986, Dating Quaternary deposits by luminescence-recent advances: Geosci. Can, 13, 15-21.
Duller, G. A. T., 1991, Equivalent dose determination using single aliquots: Nucl. Tracks Rad. Meas. 18, 371-378.
Fattahi, M., 2001, Studies on red thermoluminescence and infrared stimulated red luminescence: Unpublished D. Phil. thesis, Oxford University, Oxford.
Fattahi, M., 2003b, Recent developments in Luminescence dating: Iranian Int. J. Sci. 4(1), 57-72.
Fattahi, M., and Stokes, S., 2000a, Red thermoluminescence (RTL) in volcanic quartz: development of a high sensitive detection system and some preliminary findings. Ancient TL., 18, 35-44.
Fattahi, M., and Stokes, S., 2000b, Extending the time range of luminescence dating using red TL (RTL) from volcanic quartz: Radiat. Meas. 32, 479-485.
Fattahi, M., and Stokes, S., 2003a, Red luminescence from potassium feldspar for dating applications: a study of some properties relevant for dating. Radiat. Meas. 37(6), 647-660.
Fattahi, M., and Stokes, S., 2003c, Dating volcanic and related sediments by luminescence methods: a review: Earth Sci. Rev. 62(3-4), 229-264.
Fattahi, M., and Stokes, S., 2004, Absorbed dose evaluation in feldspar using a single-aliquot regenerative-dose (SAR) infrared-stimulated red luminescence protocol: Radiat. Meas. 38(1), 127-134.
Fattahi, M., and Stokes, S., 2005, Dating unheated quartz using a single-aliquot regenerative-dose red thermoluminescence protocol: J. lumen. 115, 19-31.
Franklin, A. D., Prescott, J. R., and Robertson, G. B., 2000, Comparison of blue and red TL from quartz. Radiat. Meas. 32, 633-639.
Frechen, M., Oches, N., and Kohfed, E., 2003, Loess in Europe mass accumulation rates during the last period: Quaternary Science Rev. 22, 1835-1857.
Galloway, R. B., 1996, Equivalent dose determination using only one sample:  alternative analysis of data obtained from infrared stimulation of feldspar: Radiation Meas. 26, 103-106.
Hashimoto, T., Hayashi, Y., Koyanagi, A., Yokosaka, K., and Kimura, K., 1986, Red and blue colouration of thermoluminescence from natural quartz sands: Nuclear Tracks and Radiat. Meas. 11, 229-235.
27, 243-250.
Hashimoto, T., Kojima, M., and Sakai, T., 1991, Age determination of prehistorical sites in Japan using red thermoluminescence measurements from quartz grains: Arch. Natural Sci. 23, 13-25.
Hashimoto, T., Notoya, S., Komura, K., and Shiral, N., 1996, Red thermoluminescence dating of some volcanic-ash and pyroclastic-flow layers related to Takamori pre-historical sites using quartz inclusion method: Arch. Natural Sci. 33, 1-15.
Hashimoto, T., Yasuda, K., Sato, H., Sakaue, H. and Katayama, H., 1998, Radiation-induced luminescence images and TL-property changes with thermal annealing treatment on Japanese twin quartz: Radiat. Meas. 29(5), 493-502.
Hashimoto, T., Yokosaka, K., and Habuki, H., 1987, Emission properties of thermoluminescence from natural quartz- blue and red TL response to absorbed dose: Nucl. Tracks Radiat. Meas. 13, 57-66.
Huntley, D. J., Godfrey-Smith, D. I., and Thewalt, M. L. W., 1985, Optical dating of sediments: Nature, 313(5998), 105-107.
Kuka, G., and An, Z., 1989, Loess stratigraphy in central China, Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology, 72, 203-225.
Mejdahl, V., and Botter-Jensen, L., 1994, Luminescence dating of archeological sediment using a new technique based on single aliquot measurements: Quaternary Geochron. 7, 551-554.
Mejdahl, V., and Bøtter-Jensen, L., 1997, Experience with the SARA OSL method: Radiat. Meas. 27(2), 291-294.
Miallier, D., Fain, J., Montret, M., Pilleyre, T., Sanzells, S., and Soumana, S., 1991, Properties of the red TL peak of quartz relevant to thermoluminescence dating: Nucl. Tracks Radiat. Meas. 18(1/2), 89-94.
Miallier, D., Fain, J., Montret, M., Pilleyre, T., Sanzells, S., and Soumana, S., 1994a, Sun bleaching of the red TL of quartz: preliminary observations. Ancient TL., 12(1), 1-4.
Miallier, D., Fain, J., Sanzells, S., Pilleyre, T., Montret, M., Soumana, S., and Falgueres, C., 1994b, Attempts at dating pumice deposits around 580 ka by use of red TL and ESR of xenolithic quartz inclusions: Radiat. Meas. 23, 399-404.
Miallier, D., Sanzelle, S., Flagueres, C., Fain, J., Montret, M., Pilleyer, T., Soumana, S., Laurent, M., and Camus, G., 1994c, Intercomparisons of red TL and ESR signals from heated quartz grains: Radiat. Meas. 23, 143-154.
Murray, A. S., 1996, Developments in optically stimulated luminescence and photo-transferred thermoluminescence dating of young sediments: application to a 2000 year sequence of flood deposits: Geochem. Cosmochim. Ac. 60, 565-576.
Murray, A. S., Roberts, R. G., and Wintle, A.G., 1997, Equivalent dose measurement using a single aliquot of quartz: Radiation Meas. 27, 171-184.
Murray, A. S., and Wintle, A.G., 2000, Luminescence dating of quartz using an improved single-aliquot regenerative-dose protocol: Radiat. Meas. 32(1), 57-73.
Pilleyre, T., Montret, M., Fain, J., Miallier, D., and Sanzelle, S., 1992, Attempts at dating ancient volcanoes using the red TL of quartz: Quaternary Sci. Rev. 11, 13-17.
Prescott, J. R., Fox, P. J., Robertson, G. B., and Hutton, J. T., 1994, Three-dimensional spectral studies of the bleaching of the thermoluminescence of feldspars: Radiat. Meas. 23(2-3), 367-375.
Prescott, J. R., and Robertson, G. B., 1997, Sediment dating by luminescence: a review: Radiat. Meas. 27(5/6), 893-922.
Rees-Jones, J., 1995, Optical dating of young sediments using fine grain quartz, Ancient TL, 13 (2), 9-14.
Scholefield,  R. B., and Prescott, J. R., 1999, The red thermoluminescence of quartz: 3-D spectral measurements: Radiat. Meas. 30, 83-95.
Stokes, S., 1994, The timing of OSL sensitivity changes in a natural quartz: Radiat. Meas. 23, 601-605.
Stokes, S., Colls, E., Fattahi M., and Rich, J., 2000, Investigation of the performance of quartz single aliquot De determination procedures. Radiat. Meas. 32, 585-594.
Singhvi, A. K., Bluszcz, M. D., and Bateman, M. S. Rao., 2001, Luminescence dating of loess-palaeosol sequences and coversands: methodological aspects and palaeoclimatatic implications, Earth-Sci. Rev. 54, 193-211.
Singhvi, A. K., Sharma, Y. P., and Agrawal, D. P., 1982, Thermoluminescence dating of sand dunes in Rajasthan, India. Nature, 295, 313-315.
Wintle, A. G., 1981, Thermoluminescence dating of the Devensian loesses in southern England, Nature, 289, 479-480.
Wintle, A. G., 1990, A review of current research on TL dating of loess, Quaternary Sci. Rev. 9, 385-397.
Wintle, A. G., 1993, Recent developments in optical dating of sediments: Radiation Prot. Dosim. 47(1-4), 627-635.
Wintle, A. G., and Huntley, D. J., 1980, Canadian J. Earth Sci. 17, 348-360.
Wintle, A. G., and Proszynska, H., 1982, TL-dating of loess in Germany and Poland, PACT Rixensart Belg., 9, 547-554.