This study analyzes the characteristics of lightning activity in the southeastern area of Vinh Long Province (formerly Tra Vinh Province) during the period 2021–2023, aiming to support the development of early warning systems, risk assessment, and appropriate lightning protection measures. Data were obtained from the Earth Networks Total Lightning Network (ENTLN), which provides event-based lightning detections; for spatial analysis, the lightning events were aggregated onto a 0.05° × 0.05° grid. This dataset allows a detailed analysis of total lightning flashes, lightning types (intra-cloud, IC; cloud-to-ground, CG), the proportion of positive CG lightning (PCG), the Z-ratio (IC/CG), flash density, lightning days, and peak current intensity. The results show that lightning activity is most frequent during the rainy season (May–October) and peaks in the late afternoon (15:00–21:00). Intra-cloud (IC) lightning predominates, particularly around noon, reflected by high Z-ratio values. Cloud-to-ground (CG) lightning increases significantly in the evening, while positive CG (PCG) flashes mainly occur in the early morning and nighttime. The total lightning flash density varies from 16 to over 31 flashes km⁻² yr⁻¹, with the highest density observed in the eastern and northeastern parts of the province. The average number of lightning days ranges from 48 to nearly 70 days per year, concentrated in the central and northern regions. The peak current intensity of positive CG lightning is notably higher than that of negative CG (NCG) lightning, especially in coastal and central areas, indicating regions of particularly high risk due to the strength and unpredictability of PCG events.