بازیابی شکل موج‌های بازگشتی مأموریت ارتفاع‌سنجی رادار با روزنه مصنوعی Sentinel-3A به‌منظور پایش تراز سطح آب‌های درون‌سرزمینی (مطالعه موردی: مخزن سد درودزن شیراز)

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانشجوی کارشناسی ارشد، دانشکده مهندسی نقشه‌برداری و اطلاعات مکانی، پردیس دانشکده‌های فنی، دانشگاه تهران، تهران، ایران

2 استاد، دانشکده مهندسی نقشه‌برداری و اطلاعات مکانی، پردیس دانشکده‌های فنی، دانشگاه تهران، تهران، ایران

3 استادیار، گروه ژئودزی، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی واحد تهران جنوب، تهران، ایران

4 دانشجوی دکتری، گروه ژئودزی، دانشکده مهندسی نقشه‌برداری، دانشگاه صنعتی خواجه نصیرالدین طوسی، تهران، ایران

چکیده

در آب­های درون‌سرزمینی، تراز سطح آب حاصل از داده­های سطح دو ارتفاع­سنجی مغشوش می­باشد. ازاین­رو، برای تصحیح تراز سطح آب اندازه‌گیری‌شده در این نواحی، انجام بازیابی شکل موج­های بازگشتی، الزامی است. در این مطالعه از داده­های سطح دو و سطح یک سنجنده ارتفاع‌سنج رادار SAR (SRAL) مأموریت Sentinel-3A که در حالت رادار با روزنه مصنوعی (SAR) اندازه‌گیری می­کند، در بازه زمانی مارس 2016 تا نوامبر 2019 برای پایش تراز سطح آب سد درودزن شیراز استفاده شده است. همچنین برای بازیابی شکل موج­های موجود در داده­های سطح یک نیز از الگوریتم بازیابی حدآستانه به‌ازای حدآستانه­های مختلف استفاده شده است. نتایج نشان داد، بازیابنده مرکز ثقل (OCOG) موجود در داده­های سطح دو با مقدار جذر خطای مربعی میانگین (RMSE) 23/38 سانتی­متر و ضریب وابستگی %23/99 با داده­های نوسان‌‌نگار محلی نسبت به دیگر بازیابنده­های موجود در داده­های سطح دو از دقت بالاتری در برآورد سری زمانی تراز سطح آب سد درودزن دارد. پس­ازآن، سری زمانی تراز سطح آب از بازیابنده­های موجود در داده­های سطح دو و انتخاب بازیابنده سطح دو بهینه، شکل موج­های بازگشتی از داده­های سطح یک با استفاده از الگوریتم بازیابی حدآستانه ابتدا بازیابی شده و سپس سری زمانی تراز سطح آب به ازای آستانه­های مختلف حاصل شده و با داده­های نوسان‌‌نگار محلی مقایسه شد که نتایج نشان داد آستانه %60 با مقدار RMSE 73/37 سانتی­متر و وابستگی %30/99 سبب بهبود %3/1 دقت و افزایش %07/0 وابستگی با داده­های نوسان‌‌نگار نسبت به سری زمانی تراز سطح آب حاصل از بازیابنده سطح دو بهینه شده است.

کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات

عنوان مقاله [English]

Retracking Sentinel-3A SAR waveforms to monitor the water level of a small inland water body (Case study: Doroudzan Dam Reservoir, Shiraz, Iran)

نویسندگان [English]

  • Arash Tayfeh Rostami 1
  • Ali Reza Azmoudeh Ardalan 2
  • Shirzad Roohi 3
  • Amir Hossein Pourmina 4
1 M.Sc. Student, School of Surveying and Geospatial Engineering, College of Engineering, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
2 Professor, School of Surveying and Geospatial Engineering, College of Engineering, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
3 Assistant Professor, Department of Geodesy, South Tehran Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
4 Ph.D. Student, Department of Geodesy, College of Geodesy & Geomatics Engineering, K. N. Toosi University of Technology, Tehran, Iran
چکیده [English]

In inland water bodies, the water level obtained from the Level-2 data of the altimetry missions is not often correct. Therefore, to correct the water level measured in these areas, it is necessary to retrack the return waveforms. In this study, data from level-2 and level-1 SRAL altimeter of Sentinel-3A mission, measured in SAR mode, in the period from March 2016 to November 2019 to monitor the water level of Doroudzan Dam, has been used. The threshold retracking algorithm with different thresholds has also been used to retrack the waveforms in the level one data. The results showed that the OCOG retracker in L-2 data with an RMSE value of 38.23 cm and a correlation of 99.23% with in situ gauge data compared to other retrackers in L-2 data from Doroudzan dam has higher accuracy in estimating the time series of the water level. The Ocean retracker also has results close to those of the OCOG retracker, indicating that these two retrackers perform well in restoring water levels. After obtaining the water level time series from the retrackers in the L-2 data and selecting the optimal level two retracker, the return waveforms from the L-1 data were first retracked using the threshold algorithm. Then the time series of the water level for different thresholds were obtained and compared with in situ gauge data, which showed that the threshold of 60% with a value of RMSE 37.73 cm and a correlation of 99.30% improved %1.3 in accuracies and increase of %0.07 correlation with in situ gauge data has been optimized for the time series of water level obtained from L-2 retracker. Also, the results showed that, especially in the period from 2017 to 2018, the difference in water levels results from the retracking of the return waveforms with the optimal threshold algorithm (60%) with in situ gauge data less than the optimal L-2 retracker (OCOG). The average water level of Doroudzan Dam from the threshold of 60% was analyzed. Results showed the highest growth in water level with 4.09 m from March 6 to April 2, 2019, which corresponds to usually rainy months. The most significant decrease in the water level with 2.80 meters occurred from April 29, 2019, to May 26, 2019, which are usually low rainfall months. The results also showed that during the study period a slight increase in the water level of Doroudzan Dam was observed. Due to the hard, challenging shape, and topography of Doroudzan Dam and its confused waveforms, therefore, in the above study area, it is not possible to expect high accuracy from both the retrackers in the L-2 data and the results of the waveform retracking. Therefore, the proximity of RMSE results and correlation goes back to the shape and topography of the Doroudzan Dam reservoir. The results of this study show high suitability of the Sentinel-3 mission in monitoring the water level from inland water bodies, which is still a challenging area for satellite altimetry to monitor. Indeed, for a better understanding of the performance of this mission, more samples need to be analyzed.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Satellite Altimetry
  • Sentinel-3
  • Waveforms Retracking
  • Water Level
  • Doroudzan Dam

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فیزیک زمین و فضا
دوره 47، شماره 3
آذر 1400
صفحه 467-483

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