شناسایی حداکثر ضخامت لایه گردوخاک بر مبنای مشاهدات ماهواره CALIPSO، مطالعه موردی: استان خوزستان

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 گروه جغرافیای طبیعی، دانشکده علوم زمین، دانشگاه شهید بهشتی، تهران، ایران.

2 گروه فیزیک فضا، مؤسسه ژئوفیزیک، دانشگاه تهران، تهران، ایران.

3 گروه سنجش از دور و GIS، دانشکده علوم زمین، دانشگاه شهید بهشتی، تهران، ایران.

چکیده

این مطالعه به شناسایی حداکثر ضخامت لایه گردوخاک با روش نیم‌رُخ قائم هواویز با استفاده از داده‏های لایدار کالیپسو می‌پردازد. جهت اجرای این روش، محدوده استان خوزستان به‌عنوان منطقه هدف در نظر گرفته شد. بر اساس نتایج تحقیق، حداکثر ضخامت لایه گردوخاک در نمونه‏های مطالعاتی در سرزمین کاملاً هموار غرب استان بیش از شرق ‌‌آن است. علاوه‌بر این در شرق استان نیز مقادیر حداکثر ضخامت لایه گردوخاک عمدتاً منطبق بر عرض‏های پایین منطقه است که سطح زمین از ارتفاع کمتری برخوردار است. به‌طور کلی، یافته‏های تحقیق نشان می‏دهد که حداکثر ضخامت لایه گردوخاک با روش نیم‌رُخ قائم هواویز از داده‏های لایدار قابل استخراج است اگرچه خروجی این روش در شرایطی که لایه گردوخاک از پوشش افقی و قائم یکدست و متراکمی برخوردار باشد، دقیق‏تر است. علاوه‌بر استخراج ضخامت لایه گردوخاک، اندازه و میزان تراکم ذرات نیز با استفاده از شاخص نسبت رنگی مورد مطالعه قرار گرفت. مقادیر این شاخص در هر یک از نمونه‏های مطالعاتی، وجود ذرات ریز گردوخاک در منطقه را تأیید کرد. این شاخص پس از اعمال روش میانگین‏گیری افقی ۵ کیلومتر بر داده‏های بازپراکنش امواج لایدار محاسبه شد. این روش دارای قابلیت کاهش مؤثر نویز داده‏ و افزایش دقت تشخیص ابر از هواویز است که باعث آشکارسازی مرز بین هوای پاک و آلوده و تشخیص میزان تراکم هواویزها می‏شود. بر این اساس توزیع مکانی لایه گردوخاک و تغییرات ضخامت آن قابل مشاهده می‏باشد. نتایج این پژوهش می‏تواند برای ارائه پیش‏بینی در مورد غلظت، گستردگی، ارتفاع حداکثری لایه گردوخاک مورد استفاده قرار گیرد.

کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات

عنوان مقاله [English]

Identification of the maximum thickness of the dust layer based on CALIPSO satellite observations Case study: Khuzestan province

نویسندگان [English]

  • Fateme Fallahzade 1
  • Alireza Mahmoudian 2
  • Marzieh Dadizadeh 3
1 Department of natural geography, Faculty of Earth sciences, Shahid Beheshti University, Tehran, Iran.
2 Department of Space Physics, Institute of Geophysics, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran.
3 Department of Remote Sensing & GIS, Faculty of Earth sciences, Shahid Beheshti University, Tehran, Iran.
چکیده [English]

The main goal of this study is to identify the maximum thickness of the dust layer by using the vertical half-pipe method using CALIOP lidar data. In order to implement this method, Khuzestan province was considered as the target area. In this regard, 6 study samples that the CALIPSO satellite orbit had passed over Khuzestan province during October 2016 and 2017 were used.
Based on the results of this research, the maximum thickness of the dust layer in the study samples in the completely flat and plain land in the west of the province is more than in the east. In addition, in the east of the province, the values of the maximum thickness of the dust layer mainly correspond to the lower latitudes of the region, where the ground level is lower. In general, the findings of the research show that the maximum thickness of the dust layer can be extracted from the lidar data using the airborne vertical half-track method, although the output of this method is more accurate when the dust layer has uniform and dense horizontal and vertical coverage. In addition to extracting the thickness of the dust layer, the size and density of the particles were also studied using the color ratio index. The values of this index in each of the study samples confirmed the presence of fine dust particles in the region. This index was also calculated after applying the horizontal averaging method of 5 km on the redistribution data of lidar waves. The 5 km horizontal averaging method has the ability to effectively reduce the noise of space lidar data and increase the accuracy of cloud detection from aerials, which reveals the border between clean and polluted air and also the knowledge of the density of aerials. Based on this, the spatial distribution of the dust layer and changes in its thickness can be seen. The results of this research can be used to predict the concentration, extent, and maximum height of the dust layer.
According to the findings of the research, the proposed method has the ability to extract the maximum thickness of the dust layer using spatial lidar data, although the output of this method is more accurate when the dust layer has uniform and dense horizontal and vertical coverage. In this research, in addition to extracting the thickness of the dust layer, the size and density of the particles were also studied using the color ratio index. This index was calculated after applying the horizontal averaging method of 5 km on the redistribution data of radar waves. Based on this, the mentioned method clearly showed the density and concentration of dust particles through the distribution of lidar wave rescattering values at different heights, and the presence of dust particles in the atmosphere of the region was confirmed in all study samples. Calculating the particle size index in the atmosphere and its undeniable role in detecting dust particles is another result of this research. The values of this index in each of the studied samples in the height ranges where the thickness of the dust layer was extracted confirmed the presence of fine dust particles in the region.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Calipso
  • Dust layer
  • Iran

مراجع

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فیزیک زمین و فضا
دوره 50، شماره 1
تاریخ انتشار الکترونیکی: 16 اردیبهشت 1403
اردیبهشت 1403
صفحه 149-164

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